Achado no Egito um novo ancestral de baleia

Em um artigo publicado recentemente no Proceedings of the Royal Society B nesta quarta-feira passada (25/08) por pesquisadores egípcios é descrito um novo ancestral das baleias. O animal vivia parte de sua vida no mar e parte em terra. Ele era capaz de andar sobre quatro patas em terra e de caçar dentro d'água. O fóssil deste animal, denominado de Phiomicetus anubis, foi originalmente descoberto no deserto ocidental do Egito. Essa região já foi um mar de água salgada e é rica em fósseis.  

Título e abstract (resumo) do artigo:

 

A new protocetid whale offers clues to biogeography and feeding ecology in early cetacean evolution

Abdullah S. Gohar, Mohammed S. Antar, Robert W. Boessenecker, Dalia A. Sabry, Sanaa El-Sayed, Erik R. Seiffert, Iyad S. Zalmout and Hesham M. Sallam

Published:25 August 2021
https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2021.1368

Abstract

Over about 10 million years, the ancestors of whales transformed from herbivorous, deer-like, terrestrial mammals into carnivorous and fully aquatic cetaceans. Protocetids are Eocene whales that represent a unique semiaquatic stage in that dramatic evolutionary transformation. Here, we report on a new medium-sized protocetid, Phiomicetus anubis gen. et sp. nov., consisting of a partial skeleton from the middle Eocene (Lutetian) of the Fayum Depression in Egypt. The new species differs from other protocetids in having large, elongated temporal fossae, anteriorly placed pterygoids, elongated parietals, an unfused mandibular symphysis that terminates at the level of P3, and a relatively enlarged I3. Unique features of the skull and mandible suggest a capacity for more efficient oral mechanical processing than the typical protocetid condition, thereby allowing for a strong raptorial feeding style. Phylogenetic analysis nests Phiomicetus within the paraphyletic Protocetidae, as the most basal protocetid known from Africa. Recovery of Phiomicetus from the same bed that yielded the remingtonocetid Rayanistes afer provides the first clear evidence for the co-occurrence of the basal cetacean families Remingtonocetidae and Protocetidae in Africa. The discovery of Phiomicetus further augments our understanding of the biogeography and feeding ecology of early whales.